My two cents? We don't lack the technology. We know how to make inexpensive and very livable shelter. We lack the political will and the community commitment to ALLOWING small, infilled (ADU/DADU) housing that doesn't have to be tied into the infrastructure (sewer, power, water, etc.) which greatly increases the costs. Also, all the inspection apparatus that makes individually-made things like rocket stoves/mass heaters illegal because they can't get a UL stamp!
If you've gone to any of the Planning Commission hearings on DADUs, you'll know that NIMBYism and a lack of understanding of the extent of the crisis is informing the discussion and preventing these logical ways of addressing housing.
Hard to overcome that with technology!
Patricia